What should you do if a person is choking and cannot breathe?

When a person is choking and unable to breathe, performing the Heimlich maneuver, also known as abdominal thrusts, is the proper response. This technique involves delivering upward thrusts to the abdomen to create artificial pressure in the chest, which can help to expel the obstruction from the airway.

The Heimlich maneuver is specifically designed to address severe choking situations where the airway is blocked, leading to an inability to breathe effectively. When performed correctly, it can force the lodged object out of the airway, allowing the person to breathe again.

Encouraging the individual to cough forcefully, as suggested in one of the other options, may be appropriate in cases of mild choking where the person can still breathe and cough. However, when someone cannot breathe, this method is not effective. Similarly, giving water to help swallow the obstruction is counterproductive, as it can potentially worsen the blockage. Patting them on the back might also not provide the necessary pressure to dislodge the obstruction and may lead to further complications. Thus, the Heimlich maneuver is the clear and appropriate action to take in this emergency situation.